Acne Symptoms and Treatments
Acne is a skin disorder very common for younger people who have early puberty. It is caused by inflammation of the small oil glands (sebaceous glands) that surround the hair on the face and chest.
The severity of acne increases and, typically, reaches its peak around the ages of 17-19.
For most people, acne tends to disappear by the time they reach their mid-20s, however, very sensitive people may continue to have the disorder until they reach age 40.
Hormonal changes related to pregnancy or menstruation can also cause or contribute to acne. This is also the case with environmental irritants such as pollution, heat, moisture and cold.
What causes it? During puberty, the production of male sex hormones (androgens) increases in girls and boys, which can stimulate the sebaceous glands to produce more sebum. In some people, the sebaceous glands are very sensitive to androgens. These people, mostly men, get acne so severely that they need medical treatment. The increased production of sebum causes the openings of sebaceous glands narrower, which prevents the exit tallow.
Meanwhile, the production of sebum is developed independently. The pimples are often caused by Propionebacterium acnes, a common skin bacterium which feeds sebum. This bacterium produces waste products and fatty acids that irritate the sebaceous glands and make them inflamed. What are the symptoms? The first symptoms are small red spots bidding, which later turn into pimples containing degraded fatty acids. The inflammation goes away in a few days or weeks, depending on the severity. Severe acne can leave scars that never disappear. Acne can also cause psychological stress and be socially disabling. An effective treatment early is therefore essential.
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